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John Campbell McTiernan, Jr. (born January 8, 1951) is an American filmmaker. He is best known for his action films, especially ''Predator'' (1987), ''Die Hard'' (1988), and ''The Hunt for Red October'' (1990).〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Die Hard is #1 according to Pajiba.com )〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Die Hard is the last mentioned on Complex )〕 His later well-known films include the action-comedy-fantasy film ''Last Action Hero'' (1993), the action film sequel ''Die Hard with a Vengeance'' (1995), and the heist film-remake ''The Thomas Crown Affair'' (1999). He pled guilty to perjury and lying to an FBI investigator in regard to his hiring of the private investigator Anthony Pellicano in late 2000 to illegally wiretap the phone calls of two people, one of whom was Charles Roven, a co-producer of his dystopian science-fiction action film remake ''Rollerball'' (2002).〔 He was incarcerated in federal prison from April 2013 to February 2014. During his imprisonment, he declared bankruptcy amidst foreclosure proceedings for his ranch residence and struggles to pay legal fees and IRS tax debt.〔 His last completed film project was the mystery-thriller ''Basic'', released in 2003. ==Background and career== McTiernan was born in Albany, New York, and attended the Juilliard School before graduating with a Master of Fine Arts from the AFI Conservatory. In 1986, he wrote and directed his first feature film, ''Nomads'', starring Pierce Brosnan (which was Brosnan's first lead role in a film). While being neither commercially successful nor critically acclaimed,〔 it did land him the job of directing the science fiction action hit ''Predator'', starring Arnold Schwarzenegger. In the wake of that film's success, he went on to direct two more hits – ''Die Hard'' in 1988 starring Bruce Willis and ''The Hunt for Red October'' in 1990 with Alec Baldwin and Sean Connery. ''Nomads'' was not well received by critics – receiving only one positive review out of eight according to the review aggregator site Rotten Tomatoes.〔 Roger Ebert of the ''Chicago Sun-Times'' rated it 1.5 stars out of four and said that even if viewers cared about the characters, the film is too confusing to understand. However, Jay Scott of ''The Globe and Mail'' described it as "a breathlessly unself-conscious film (there is none of the self-congratulatory stylization of ''Blood Simple''), the tone alternates maniacally between scaring the audience and making it giggle. Until the end. And then, via one of the funniest, cleverest and most unexpected conclusions to any movie in history, ''Nomads'' comes off the fence it has been sitting on with a bravura jump." Scott credited McTiernan, saying "he has brought to his project a staggeringly resourceful technique. The sharply unpredictable editing, the hypnotic use of slow motion and rack focus (that's when the background and foreground reverse in clarity), the ominous rock music - everything adds up to a debut of singular confidence, full of fun and creepiness." ''Variety'' wrote, "''Nomads'' avoids the more obvious ripped-guts devices in favor of dramatic visual scares. () In fact, everything seems to come naturally in a tale that even has the supernatural ring true." Walter Goodman of ''The New York Times'' called the Innuat "as menacing as the chorus from ''West Side Story''". In his memoir, ''Total Recall'', Arnold Schwarzenegger said he was so impressed by the film's tense atmosphere made with a low budget that he hired John McTiernan to direct ''Predator''. The budget for ''Predator'' was around $15 million, but it opened as #1 at the U.S. box office with a gross of $12 million on its opening weekend, and went on to gross nearly $100 million overall.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Predator (1987) )〕 For the calendar year 1987, it was second only to ''Beverly Hills Cop II''.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=1987 Domestic Grosses )〕 Initial critical reaction to ''Predator'' was negative, with criticism focusing on the thin plot. Metacritic, which assigns a weighted average score out of 100 to reviews from mainstream critics, rates the film with an average score of 36 based on 11 reviews from 1987, with the review opinions summarized as "generally unfavorable".〔(【引用サイトリンク】publisher=Metacritic )〕 However, in subsequent years critics' attitudes toward the film warmed, and it has appeared on a number of "best of" lists. The review aggregator site Rotten Tomatoes reports that 78% of 40 surveyed critics gave the film a positive review.〔 Elvis Mitchell of ''The New York Times'' described it as "grisly and dull, with few surprises." Dean Lamanna wrote in ''Cinefantastique'' that "the militarized monster movie tires under its own derivative weight." ''Variety'' wrote that the film was a "slightly above-average actioner that tries to compensate for tissue-thin-plot with ever-more-grisly death sequences and impressive special effects." Michael Wilmington of the ''Los Angeles Times'' proclaimed it "arguably one of the emptiest, feeblest, most derivative scripts ever made as a major studio movie." Feminist Susan Faludi called it one of "an endless stream of war and action movies" in which "women are reduced to mute and incidental characters or banished altogether."〔Susan Faludi, in Backlash, Chatto & Windus, 1992, p. 169〕 Roger Ebert who was more complimentary of the film, decrying a few plot holes but nonetheless rating it three out of four stars and writing, "it supplies what it claims to supply: an effective action movie." Two sequels, ''Predator 2'' (1990) and ''Predators'' (2010), as well as two crossover films with the ''Alien'' franchise, ''Alien vs. Predator'' (2004) and ''Aliens vs. Predator: Requiem'' (2007), have been produced. Another entry in the series, directed by Shane Black, is in the works at 20th Century Fox. Made on a $28 million budget, ''Die Hard'' went on to gross over $140 million theatrically worldwide. The film's success spawned a ''Die Hard'' franchise, which has include four sequels, video games, and a comic book. It received very high ratings from critics overall.〔 English film critic Mark Kermode expressed admiration for the film, calling it an exciting setup of "Cowboys and Indians in ''The Towering Inferno''". The film has been included in various top-ten lists of best Christmas movies, including those by ''Digital Spy'' (rating it #5), ''Empire'' (rating it #1), ''Entertainment Weekly'' (rating it #4), ''Forbes'' (rating it #1), ''The Guardian'' (rating it #8),〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.theguardian.com/film/2011/nov/29/christmas-favourite-film-poll-wonderful )〕 ''Hollywood Reporter'' (rating it #4), and ''San Francisco Gate'' (rating it #1). However, not every critic praised it. Roger Ebert gave it a mere two stars out of four and criticized the stupidity of the deputy police chief character, saying that "all by himself he successfully undermines the last half of the movie". ''The Hunt for Red October'' also received positive reviews from critics.〔 Nick Schager, for ''Slant Magazine'', called the film "a thrilling edge-of-your-seat trifle that has admirably withstood the test of time". Ebert called it "a skillful, efficient film that involves us in the clever and deceptive game being played", while Gene Siskel commented on the film's technical achievement and Baldwin's convincing portrayal of the character Jack Ryan. ''Newsweek''s David Ansen wrote, "But it's at the gut level that ''Red October'' disappoints. This smoother, impressively mounted machine is curiously ungripping. Like an overfilled kettle, it takes far too long to come to a boil." Vincent Canby, writing for ''The New York Times'', opined that "the characters, like the lethal hardware, are simply functions of the plot, which in this case seems to be a lot more complex than it really is." He directed ''Medicine Man'' (1992), about a medical researcher in a rainforest starring Sean Connery. ''Medicine Man'' was also poorly received.〔 Roger Ebert gave it one-and-a-half stars, saying that although the film had "some beautiful moments", it never really came together and had "a cornball conclusion".〔(''Medicine Man'' ), RogerEbert.com, February 11, 1992, Accessed August 15, 2015.〕 ''Entertainment Weekly'' said the story was "built around some very tired devices" and especially criticized the performance of the female lead.〔(''Medicine Man'' (1992) film review ), ''Entertainment Weekly'', February 21, 1992; accessed August 15, 2015.〕 He directed and co-produced ''Last Action Hero'', a 1993 action-comedy vehicle for Arnold Schwarzenegger. The film received mixed to negative reviews from critics.〔〔〔 ''Entertainment Weekly'' said it was "a stupid, generic slab of action bombast that keeps reminding us it's a stupid, generic slab of action bombast" and called it "a lead balloon of a movie".〔 ''Variety'' called it a "a joyless, soulless machine of a movie, an $80 million-plus mishmash".〔 Vincent Canby likened the film to "a two-hour ''Saturday Night Live'' sketch" and called it "something of a mess, but a frequently enjoyable one". Roger Ebert gave the film 2.5 stars out of 4, writing that despite some entertaining moments ''Last Action Hero'' more often "plays more like a bright idea than like a movie that was thought through".〔(''Last Action Hero'' review ), rogerebert.com; retrieved October 4, 2013.〕 In 1995, he rebounded with ''Die Hard with a Vengeance'', the third installment of the ''Die Hard'' film series. It was highly successful – garnering $366M in box office receipts and becoming the highest-grossing film of the year, although the film had mixed reviews by critics.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Die Hard: With a Vengeance (1995) )〕〔 Owen Gleiberman of ''Entertainment Weekly'' said that while "McTiernan stages individual sequences with great finesse... they don't add up to a taut, dread-ridden whole." James Berardinelli said the explosions and fights were "filmed with consummate skill, and are thrilling in their own right."〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Die Hard with a Vengeance - Reelviews Movie Reviews )〕 Desson Howe of ''The Washington Post'' said "the best thing about the movie is the relationship between McClane and Zeus", saying that Samuel L. Jackson was "almost as good as he was in ''Pulp Fiction''". Ebert gave the film a positive review, praising the action sequences and the performances of Willis, Jackson, and Jeremy Irons, concluding: "''Die Hard with a Vengeance'' is basically a wind-up action toy, cleverly made, and delivered with high energy. It delivers just what it advertises, with a vengeance." ''Empire Magazine''s Ian Nathan gave the film a 3/5 star review stating that "''Die Hard With A Vengeance'' is better than ''Die Hard 2'', but not as good as the peerless original. Though it's breathless fun, the film runs out of steam in the last act. And Jeremy Irons' villain isn't fit to tie Alan Rickman's shoelaces." 〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Empire's Die Hard With A Vengeance Movie Review )〕 During 1995–97, McTiernan was a producer for several smaller projects, including at least three films that were not major releases – ''The Right to Remain Silent'' (a made for television film),〔 ''Amanda'',〔 and ''Quicksilver Highway'' (a made for television film).〔 He directed ''The 13th Warrior'' (1999), a loose retelling of the tale of Beowulf starring Antonio Banderas, Diane Venora and Omar Sharif that was adapted from the novel ''Eaters of the Dead'' by Michael Crichton. The film did poorly at the box office, with a total loss estimated at $70–130 million. It received generally mixed-to-poor reviews.〔 Roger Ebert gave the film one and a half stars out of four, saying that it "lumber() from one expensive set-piece to the next without taking the time to tell a story that might make us care."〔(''The 13th Warrior'' film review ), rogerebert.com; accessed October 12, 2015.〕 Conversely, James Berardinelli gave it three stars out of four, calling it "a solid offering" that "delivers an exhilarating 100 minutes".〔(Review: ''The 13th Warrior'' ), reelviews.net; accessed October 12, 2015.〕 The outcome disappointed Sharif so much that he temporarily retired from film acting, saying "After my small role in ''The 13th Warrior'', I said to myself, 'Let us stop this nonsense, these meal tickets that we do because it pays well. Sharif said it was "terrifying to have to do the dialogue from bad scripts, to face a director who does not know what he is doing, in a film so bad that it is not even worth exploring."〔(''The 13th Warrior'' ), imdb.com; accessed October 12, 2015.〕 ''The Thomas Crown Affair'', directed by McTiernan – a heist film remake starring Pierce Brosnan and Rene Russo, which opened to solid reviews and strong box office results was released later the same year.〔 McTiernan then directed the 2002 film ''Rollerball'', a science fiction remake starring Chris Klein, Jean Reno, and LL Cool J. ''Rollerball'' was heavily panned by critics.〔 ''Time Outs Trevor Johnson described it as "a checklist shaped by a 15-year-old mallrat: thrashing metal track, skateboards, motorbikes, cracked heads and Rebecca Romijn with her top off", and Ebert called it "an incoherent mess, a jumble of footage in search of plot, meaning, rhythm and sense". The film was a box-office flop, earning a worldwide total of $25.9 million compared to a production budget of $70 million.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Box Office Mojo )〕 In 2014, the ''Los Angeles Times'' listed the film as one of the most expensive box office flops of all time.〔Eller, Claudia, "(The costliest box office flops of all time )", ''Los Angeles Times'', January 15, 2014.〕 His last directorial project (as of August 2015) was the 2003 thriller ''Basic'' with John Travolta and Samuel L. Jackson. Reviews for ''Basic'' were mostly negative.〔 Roger Ebert gave it one star out of four, saying it was "not a film that could be understood", and that "If I were to see it again and again, I might be able to extract an underlying logic from it, but the problem is, when a movie's not worth seeing twice, it had better get the job done the first time through".〔(Basic ), rogerebert.com〕 Leonard Maltin's Movie Guide gave it two stars out of four and said the film "keeps adding layers of confusion so that it becomes less interesting as it goes along! The final "twist" seems to negate the entire story, like a bad shaggy-dog joke."〔''Leonard Maltin's 2008 Movie Guide'', New York: Signet, 2007, ISBN 978-0-451-22186-5, p. 90〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「John McTiernan」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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